Comparative Scriptures The Bible And The Quran - 836 Words

Comparative Scriptures: the Bible and the Quran The Bible and the Quran are two of the most well recognized and significant religious books across the world. They contain a plethora of similar principles and recounts, however, comprise of a great sum of differences. The first sections of the Bible, recognized as the Old Testament, consists of books of the Hebrew Bible, or Torah. The Quran is the main religious text of Islam. Muslims believe it to be a message from God, the Allah, to humanity. In general, differences between stories the two books often stems from dissimilarities between the books themselves. In relation to the story â€Å"Moses in Egypt,† the Bible and Quran incorporate a plethora of resemblances and distinctions. The bible begins the story â€Å"Moses in Egypt† by introducing the upright, sons of God, who traveled to Egypt. These names include Jacob, Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, Benjamin, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, and Asher. In contrast, th e Quran begins the story by introducing Pharaoh. Pharaoh has a negative reputation for his wrongdoings and flaunts his pleasure in the hardship he has presented upon the people of the land. Simply within the introduction of the stories, positive and negative connotations are discharged. The bible begins with a simple introduction of good characters, where as, the Quran begins its tale with a dreadful protagonist. Following the introduction, the Bible continues by explaining that all newborn boys must be killed, whileShow MoreRelatedCompassion, Defined By Three Faiths Essay1835 Words   |  8 Pagesconflicts, to master our divine purpose, the betterment of humanity and nature. The three Abrahamic faiths, Christianity, Islam, and Judaism, among other religions, exemplify the qualities of compassion and love clearly reflecting these ideas in their scriptures and teachings. In fact, if one delves deep into any religious philosophy or teaching, he/she will find that all strive to promot e peace, tolerance, and compassion between one another. However, in our modern world, these teachings have been twistedRead MoreConsequence of Religious Tolerance/Intolorance2553 Words   |  11 Pagesreligion may be different depending on who is answering the question. For this paper the definition of tolerance is simply put freedom according to www.apologeticsindex.org a religious organization website formed to encourage Christians to study the Bible in order to defend Christianity while providing resources for the non-believers to compare it to other religious allegations in order to make the right decision concerning what they believe. Christians have an obligation to be sure not to offend anyoneRead MoreReligions Justice was Introduced with the Abrahamic Monotheistic Religions2878 Words   |  12 Pagesrecover from their fallen state. The flip side of God’s love for Christians is the concept of the â€Å"wrath of God†. Some Christians interpret the wrath of God as God observing and punishing those who do not obey his laws, as happens numerous times in the Bible. Other Christians interpret the wrath of God in a more philosophical manner. These Christians believe that God ordered the universe in particular manner and then gave humanity a guide on how to achieve happiness in His universe. The wrath of GodRead MorePhilosophy of Man8521 Words   |  35 Pageswell that man in the pre-literate and primitive societies has neither state nor politics. Aristotle’s definition of man as a social animal, very sadly, casts a slur on his otherwise well-established reputation as â€Å"the founder of a systematic and comparative Zoology†. Sociability cannot be said to be the real hallmark of man to distinguish him from the animals. Some of the animals, at quite a lower rung of the evolutionary ladde r, manifest as much sociability in their behaviour as man. The social insectsRead MoreA Letter to His Parent by Jose Rizal4223 Words   |  17 Pages____________________ 5. Funny ____________________ 6. Sharp _____________________ 7. Fresh _______________________ 8. Exit ________________________ 9. Bake _________________________ 10. Awake ___________________________ Positive Comparative Superlative 1. Pretty ______________ ________________ 2. Attractive ______________ ________________ 3. Short ______________ ________________ 4. Noisy ______________ ________________ 5. Thin ______________

Stop Blaming Victims for Sexual Assault - 1286 Words

â€Å"You damned man, you damned existence, [and] you damned this earth, but never dared to question your code. Your victims took the blame and struggled on, with your noble curses as reward for their martyrdom-while you went on crying that your code was noble, but human nature was not good enough to practice it. And no one rose to ask the question Good?-by what standard?† Society’s view of sexual assault is shifting in a negative way in that members of society openly persecute victims of sexual assault, and certain types of popular visual media promote such violence. People in positions of power ignore sexual assault leaving victims begging for justice. The term ‘sexual assault ‘has lost its ability to invoke an impassioned response from†¦show more content†¦For instance, certain types of visual media promote sexual violence against both men and women; often times they promote stereotypes. For instance, sexual mass media images tend to portray vict im responding favorably to their situation after awhile; also they portray victim as favoring the assailant . Sexually violent films and scenes are redefining the role of pleasure in society as they encourage the miscommunication of pain for pleasure . Certain common films and videos of a sexual nature contain extreme scenes of torture and bestiality; and addition to this they promote the ideal that life problems and issues can be solved through sex . The popularization of sexually violent films may reinforce stereotypes and encourage a sadistic view of intimacy, which then reflect on society’s conscious collective. The conscious collective of a society dictates the values that individuals within it adhere too . Conscious collective is â€Å"†¦violations of fundamental moral code which society holds scared,† and basically they’re rules, laws, rights and freedom etc . A crime is considered an action that shocks the healthy conscience . However, sexual ass ault, no longer shocks society with the same intensity as it once did, hence the rise in victim blaming online as well as socially. For instance, on October 24/2009, a female individual was raped for overShow MoreRelatedThe Rape Of Sexual Assault895 Words   |  4 Pagescomprehend the simple meaning of the word no. Records of sexual assault are going through the roof, because of the fact people do not understand that no means no. The main victims of sexual assault are women and statics show one in four women have experienced unwanted sexual content. People come up with numerous excuses of why to blame the woman for the experiences they face, which is wrong and make women question themselves. Women who are sexual assaulted are judged by themselves and by our societyRead MoreThe Invisible War1662 Words   |  7 Pages), behavior, and alcohol consumption encouraged the sexual assault attacks and sexual harassment they endured during their service in the military. Also known as â⠂¬Å"victim blaming†, this form of blaming often occurs because perpetrators do not want to be held culpable for their wrongdoing. It also may be used as a way to take the blame off the wrongdoer and displace it onto the victim. In addition, the perpetrators often believe that the victim so called â€Å"deserved† the violence and mistreating thatRead MoreMy Senior Year Of High School1361 Words   |  6 Pagesor if she actually told the man to stop? Victim blaming in sexual assault crimes is, in large, an accepted thing here in America. With so many people believing that it must be the victim s fault, we are, in a sense, making light of the crime. Victim blaming can lead to less rapes being reported, less rapists ever going to prison and suicidal thoughts. Every 107 seconds an American is sexually assaulted which adds up to roughly 293,000 victims of sexual assault every year. Out of every 100 rapesRead MoreBlaming Rape Victims in the United States Essay1162 Words   |  5 PagesVictim blaming occurs when a victim of a crime is held responsible, partly if not entirely, for the wrongful act committed against them. In the United States, victim blaming is most prevalent in circumstances of rape and other sexual assaults towards women. This stems from being a society that views women as lesser beings, as evidenced by unequal pay, under representation in the media, and an inadequate presence in government. When women are viewed as lesser beings and are not respected, violenceRead MoreAn Epidemic Of Sexual Assaults Across The Nation1492 Words   |  6 PagesIn most recent years there has been an epidemic of sexual assaults across the nation. In the United States alone, a rape occurs every 6.2 minutes resulting in 1 out of every 5 women a s well as 1 out of every 71 men being sexually assaulted or raped in their lifetime. This problem has been something that has been hushed for many years affecting the lives of the victims for a lifetime. We the nation need to take a stand to teach our young men and women that it is inappropriate to violate a person’sRead MoreMedia Makes The Rape Culture More Deadly1257 Words   |  6 Pagesdid wrong. The same goes for cases of sexual assault and rape. Rape is an Illicit act of sex of penetration without consent of the victim (Dictionary.com). Sexual assault and rape are both done without permission, but both are different. Sexual assault is â€Å"any type of sexual contact or behavior that occurs without the explicit consent of the recipient† (Sexual Assault). Rape is completed act, while sexual assault is the attempted act; Both can affect the victim harmful ways. The media focuses on theRead MoreWhat Is Date Rape? Essay1425 Words   |  6 Pagesforcible sexual inte rcourse by a male or female friend of a woman or man, during a voluntary social engagement in which the woman or man did not intend to submit to the sexual advances and fought the acts by verbal refusals or denials to stop, and/or physical resistance. What would you do if someone blamed you for something you did not want to do? This type of act usually happens in college campuses and is critically difficult to prove in a court case. Victim blaming is wrong because the victim is notRead MoreRape : A Victim Of Sexual Assault861 Words   |  4 PagesAnyone can be a victim of sexual assault. It does not matter what gender, age, economic class, religion, or race you are, because it can happen to anyone. According to one website, â€Å"Rape victims are doctors, lawyers, nurses, military personnel, cooks, accountants, students- anyone and everyone could be vulnerable to rape or sexual assault,† (â€Å"Rape Myths and Facts,† 2015). Therefore, yes males can be the victims of sexual assault, in fact one out of every 10 rape victims are male, (RAINN, 2016).Read MoreThe Rape Of Sexual Violence1642 Words   |  7 Pagesfew to the numerous myths that circulate society today. 1 out of every 6 American women has been sexually assaulted, yet this statistic is only from victims who come forward (Victims of Sexual Violence: Statistics†). The problem in America today is the â€Å"Rape Culture† in which we live. A Rape Culture is defined as a â€Å"rape prevalent society in which sexual violence is normalized and excused through pop culture and media† (â€Å"Southern Connecticut State University†). American music, movies, and TV shows oftenRead MoreSexual Assault On College Campuses1394 Words   |  6 PagesSexual assault on college campuses is an extensive topic that has concerned people for many years. The high rates and the case report cover-ups have brought about many varying opinions. Many people believe in changing the college framework to establish universities that are better equipped to deal with this issue. Others feel that the problem could be addressed by changing society’s outlook on crimes like these. While another group feels that the problem is in how we define rape. Despite these differences

Causes of the French Revolution Essay Free Essays

The Gallic Revolution had many causes including ; economic. political. and geographic factors that built up until people decided to take a base. We will write a custom essay sample on Causes of the French Revolution Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now An illustration of this is in document figure 11 which has both —– and —– factors from a societal scientific discipline position. This papers shows the members of the national assembly who decided to take a base and vowed to non divide until they made a fundamental law subsequently known as the â€Å"Tennis Court Oath† . This papers truly shows the continuity the people of France had to do life every bit just for both the royals. provincials and everyone in between. As you now know there are many factors that led up to the Gallic Revolution and one of the biggest causes was economic crisis. While the royal household was happy holding banquets the people of France were hungering and many could hardly afford the monetary value of a four pool loaf of staff of life. In document figure 15 it shows how the monetary value of staff of life skyrocketed in merely a year’s clip and how much of a person’s income was spent on staff of life. Not merely was the monetary value hideous but it was the chief component in their diet so they could non travel without it. This papers is a secondary beginning and it shows both political and economic positions in a societal scientific discipline position. Another illustration of economic confusion is in document figure 10. In this papers it shows the fiscal jobs in France during 1789. The economic system was so unhealthy that non merely were the urban common mans in debt the male monarch besides was. When adding up the monetary value of nutrient. rent. tithe. revenue enhancements. and dressing it put the common mans at an amazing 170 % entire. and although it was a lesser sum the male monarch was besides in debt by a humongous 60 % . This papers has both political and economic points and even though it is a secondary beginning it truly makes you believe about how difficult it must hold been for the people to merely last. Throughout history there have been many people who wanted power. to be a leader and stand over others and demo that they are of a greater category. And to the people king Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette were seeking to demo their laterality. Political positions have ever been a large portion of society and they were besides a immense subscriber to the start of the Gallic Revolution. Document figure one has a picture for both King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette which clearly shows that they are rich and powerful. As you look at Marie in this image you can see that she had no job paying a monetary value to look beautiful and Louis closet indicates that he has large luxuries and they love to demo it. This papers is a primary beginning and has political. economic. and cultural positions. Another great illustration for a political cause is document figure three. This papers non merely has a political position it besides shows economic. cultural. and psychologically positions in a primary beginning. It talks about the adversities a adult female and her hubby are confronting seeking to run into the demands of the royals. the papers states â€Å"The revenue enhancements and feudal dues are oppressing us. † What sent many people over the border was non being treated reasonably until they eventually snapped. How to cite Causes of the French Revolution Essay, Essay examples

Sociology The Comparative Method Essay Example For Students

Sociology The Comparative Method Essay Sociologists have embraced what is known as the comparative method as themost efficient way to expose taken-for-granted ‘truths’ or laws that peoplehave adopted. But what is this comparative method and how does it work?Are there any advantages/disadvantages to exposing these false ‘truths’. What forms or variations of the comparative method exist? In the pages tofollow I will attempt to give you some insight and understanding of what thecomparative method is, and how it works. The comparative method, simply put, is the process of comparing two things(in our case societies, or the people that make up society) and seeing ifthe result of the comparison shows a difference between the two. Thecomparative method attempts to dereify (the process of exposingmisinterpreted norms. Norms that society consider natural and inevitablecharacteristics of human existence) reified (the human created norms or‘truths’) beliefs. Obviously there are various ways in which a nomi (a labeled, sometimeconstructed, norm or truth) can be exposed. Which form of the comparativemethod should one use however? The answer, whichever one applies to the‘truth’ in question. For example, you certainly would not do a cross-genderform of comparison if you wished to expose whether or not homosexuality hasalways been feared and looked down upon by most people throughout history. No, rather you would perform a historical comparison of two or moredifferent societies to see if these beliefs always existed, or, whether ornot this is a newly constructed belief. Let’s look at little more closely at the above mentioned historicalcomparison and see how the comparative method works with a specific example. There is no question that in today’s western society there is a lot of fearand trepidation towards people who are labeled ‘homosexual’. The questionwe will attempt to answer however is whether or not it has always been likethis and is this a universal truth. In ancient Greek societies people had a very different opinion of men thatslept with men. For example, it was considered quite an honor for a familywith a young boy under the age of 10, to be given the privilege on an olderman of high society taking their son into his house. The young boy would goand live with this older man. The older man would have sex with the youngboy on a regular basis until the boy developed facial hair. It was notuntil then that the boy was considered a man. Society thought that an oldermans, of great reputation, semen would help the boy develop into a fineyoung man. Once the boy developed the facial hair, the sex between the twowould stop. The older man’s job was finished. Obviously this would beconsidered an atrocious and disgusting act these days. The older man inthis case would certainly go to jail for the ‘crimes’ that he had committed. However, in Ancient Greece this was not only considered perfectly normal,but as I already stated, it was an honor and a gift that not every boy was‘lucky’ enough to be given. Therefore, we can conclude from this comparisonthat homophobia, as we know it, is not a natural truth, nor is it auniversal belief. Rather it is a socially constructed belief that manypeople have taken for granted as an inevitable part of human existence. It is important at this point to clarify something however. It is saidthat the role of the sociologist is a descriptive one as opposed to aprescriptive one. That is to say that the sociologist should describe thevarious practices, customs and structures that exist in various societiesrather than suggest to people which one is actually the correct belief orthe ‘real’ truth. Hebrew Text and Fonts EssayFinally we come to the last major comparative form. That of thecross-cultural. Cross-cultural comparison consists of comparing twosocieties or cultures in an attempt to reveal and expose some sociallyconstructed ‘truths’ in order to prove that they are not universal butrather they are relative to each society. There are literally thousands of differences between almost every culturethat people would be surely shocked to learn of. For the next example Iwill show how the cross-cultural comparative method dereifies some of theconstructed so-called universal-truths that people in our society may have. India differs in it’s customs considerably from that of Canada or NorthernAmerica. For example, in Western Civilization families sit together whenthey attend church, in India this is not acceptable at all. Men and womenmust sit on opposite sides of the church. Men and women in India for themost part will not eat together, whereas in Western civilization it is acommon practice and is actually looked upon as a good time for a littlefamily bonding. In India it is considered rude to eat with both hands atthe table. The right had is solely used for eating and the left fordrinking. Obviously we have a completely different practice in Westernsociety. Another shock that a Westerner might face if he/she were to travelto India would be the fact that it is still considered a major socialimpropriety for a man to even touch a woman in public. In North Americapublic displays of affection can been seen everywhere. . (Stott, John. Down To Earth. 1980. Pg. 12-15)These are all prime examples of Western universal truths that are exposedwhen compared to another culture. One of the major benefits for exposing these truths through the comparativemethod is the fact that dereifying accepted truths leads to a decrease inethnocentrism. Ethnocentrism is the act of interpreting all societiesthrough one’s own cultural lenses and believing that there idea of truthsare the only correct ones. This could lead to the imposing of one’s ownbeliefs onto other societies.In other words, comparing, exposing, anddereifying helps educate and eliminate ignorance when it comes to social‘truths’. However, there is a danger to exposing social constructs. Itcould lead to one taking on the perceptive of a radical relativist (alltruths are correct) or a nihilistic view (the belief that all truths arerelative and therefore there are no truths). Obviously this is a verynegative, and possibly a destructive, way of thinking. As you can see, the comparative method is an essential part of asociologists practice. Without it there would be a lot of confusion andmisunderstanding between people and societies.Hopefully I have shown byexample the various forms of the comparative method and how each of themapplies to society and how they attempt to expose falsities. Toronto, Ontario. Canada3rd Year UniversityB+

Impact of the Media on Society

American Attitudes about September 11th essays

American Attitudes about September 11th essays Osama Bin Ladin had more than just a plan to harm United States Citizens when he had the world trade centers bombed. He had a grudge with the whole way of life that Americans led. He was disgruntled about our economic strength, our cultural acceptances, and the "materialistic" way of life we led. He thought that by bringing down the world trade centers, our symbol of everything good about America, that he would destroy our lives. However, the opposite effect was produced. The country came together in a wave of patriotism and heroism. Granted, some racism took place against Arab Americans, but for the most part, the whole country came together in a moment that would change lives not only in America, but all over the world. Racism, as defined by Schaefer, is a doctrine that one race is superior. (Schaefer, pg. 506) When the world trade center came down, and the entire country came to a halt and gasped, we realized that the world suddenly changed. We saw scenes of people suffering, dying, and crying out for loved ones, and the heart of America sobbed for them. Everyone in America today, was affected by what happened 09/11/02. Many lost precious loved ones, more lost jobs, and even more lost the feeling that they were safe in the most powerful nation on Earth. We were attacked from more than one angle on that day. The economic consequences of September 11 were that many people lost their source of income across the land. Father's that had to make child support payments were left with no means in which to take care of their children. People who were getting ready for retirement were forced to look at working for another five years to guarantee their pensions. Consumers were afraid to spend money in fear that they would lose their jobs, and not be able to make rent. The economy seemed to come to a halt. However, Bin Laden was wrong. Not only was he wrong about our sprit as a nation, but also about the ...

Evocative Object - IPod (3rd Gen) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Evocative Object - IPod (3rd Gen) - Essay Example It has been significant in improving the way of doing things, enhancing quick and efficient communication, promoting quick exchange of data, increasing human interactions, and generally improving human life. However, most common in the recent technological advancements is the information and communication technologies (ICT). Information and communication technologies cover a wide range of applications subject to the many gadgets that fall under technological advancements. Some of these applications are in computers, cell phones, software, and other innovative gadgets. Nevertheless, applications of given technological gadgets depend on specific properties in such tools. More so, these properties manifest clearly in the telephony world where different phones have variant features. Personally, I have had experiences with various cell phones both in school and at home. This paper will therefore detail my experience with the 3rd generation iPod. The introduction of the iPod in the market followed the iPhone, which is a smart phone. Indeed, the iPod is a development of an iPhone and is a product of apple just like iPhone and iPad. Nevertheless, the iPod has an improved processor and has more improved features than earlier software. Actually, the iPod touch (3rd generation) is a technological improvement of the iPod touch (2nd generation). As such, the iPod touch (3rd generation) was technologically better and at the time it was the best sleek phone in the market. Hence, when my father gave me the 3rd generation iPod upon my success in my exams, a sensual feeling coupled with a beautiful experience came to my life. The iPod touch (3rd generation) had a faster processor, sleek in shape and green in color (Apple Web). My father brought the iPod at night during the summer after the release of my exam results. Upon opening the box carrying the iPod, I could not contain the excitement from the beautiful gadget that met my eyes. The green color is my favorite color and alth ough the iPod comes in various colors, my father made the best choice. The gadget was small and sleek thus flexible and convenient to carry. I comfortably rested in my pocket and the feeling of having such a classy gadget in my pocket was awesome. In addition, there were Apple earphones with remote and microphone, USB 2.0 cable, and a dock adapter in the box carrying the iPod (Apple Web). Since, the iPod touch was already charged; I had to try the Apple earphones by playing the default music in the iPod. Upon a closer look, I realized that the ear bud headphones had an allowance for adjusting the volume, video playback, and control music. In addition, the sound and pitch coming through the Apple earphones was exciting. At the same time, I tried the USB 2.0 cable via my laptop and it worked marvelously. I realized that the cable was significant in connecting the iPod with a computer. The dock adapter was equally synonymous in charging the iPod. These applications made me value the ga dget so much. As such, the next day I checked to school with it and could not resist showing my friends who were so excited to see it. I came to learn that the iPod had a very fast processor. As such, I can download files from the internet and access information with record speed. Indeed, in between lessons, I research

Reading Log and Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reading Log and Case Study - Essay Example The most important resource available to organisations is human resource and their conducive functioning is ensured by a suitable organisational culture and climate. 2. Key insights (200 words) The state of the economy mandates that various organisations have to merge with each other in order to forge their survival. On the other hand, certain other organisations are trying to go for a change in their business operations through business process innovation. In order to support both kinds of activities, it is essential that organisations enhance their operating organisational culture and climate by innovating within its framework. The transition from one organisational cultural state to another cultural state is not only cumbersome but requires dedicated effort on multiple fronts. In order to make organisational culture and climate change a success it has to be adapted well to the existing organisational culture and organisational climate. This ensures that the transition between cult ural states is smooth and does not affect business operations negatively. In order to make the transition as smooth as possible, it is advisable to study the various involved sub-cultures within organisations in detail to identify possible transition problems. The resistance to change in organisational cultures is a present reality and needs to be dealt with on realistic footing. How can you key insights be applied in practice (200 words) In order to deal with organisation change on a stronger footing, it is necessary to implement organisational cultural change with greater understanding of the underlying sub cultures that would provide resistance to change. It is necessary to provide employees with means of feedback to gauge their assessment of the organisation’s culture and climate in order to develop new changes. Employee feedback could be received using questionnaires, surveys, one on one meeting by senior management and other similar methods. Once employee perception of existing organisational culture and climate is established, this baseline can then be used to plot a new direction for movement. During any major or minor organisational culture or climate change resistance will be encountered. The senior management of the business has to find avenues that will invite resistance from employees and then deal with these problems accordingly. For example, senior employees may show reluctance to upgrade their IT skills so the management would need to provide them with more intuitive and easy to use IT systems. These gaps and deficits must be assessed as realistically as possible and the use of external experts should not be ruled out. Case Study 1. How would you characterise current staff behaviour at the Yorkshire and Lincolnshire Bank? The current staff behaviour at Yorkshire and Lincolnshire Bank is characterised by a twofold description – the older staff is sticking to its old working values while the new staff is trying to innovate and incre ase competitiveness. Overall staff behaviour characterises the struggle between the old guard and the new innovators. 2. Do you feel that their behaviour is attributable to the changes that have taken place, and why? The behaviour of the staff is purely an outcome of the structural change at the bank given the merger. Instead of the staff being at loggerheads because of differentiated cultures from two organisations, the staff is in a struggle because change is being imposed and resisted. Older members

Food Policy Reform in Schools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Food Policy Reform in Schools - Essay Example The program also aims to provide opportunities for various stakeholders including parents, agriculturists, retailers, etc. However, in recent times it is found that the program are unable to achieve their objectives as the nutritional status of populations have changed over the last 50 years and populations are affected with a different set of disorders compared to what was present more than 50 years ago. Hence, recommendations need to be laid down which would more effectively ensure the success of the school food programs and ensured hat the taxpayers money is put to better use. Food Policy Reform in Schools Introduction The aim of this study would to review the food reform policies that are implemented for schools across various states of the US. The aim of the food policy is to implement a population-based approach so that the diet of children is improved, their nutritional status is benefitted and various nutritional disorders such as obesity and deficiency are prevented. An impo rtant aspect of the topic is the fact that children’s diet in schools would play an important role in developing future food behavior, establish an appropriate BMI. Children spend a significant portion of their time at schools and these fruitful hours in education also need to take into consideration other activities such as exercises, food eating habits and psychosocial development. Most Americans spend life at schools for the first 16 years of their lives and hence is exposed to the food available at schools at least at some point (Adamick 2010). Over the past few years, the food problem in schools have escalated very seriously as unhealthy eating habits were being developed and promoted. Vending machines, fast food cultures, cafeterias and junk food stalls been sources of unhealthy food (Public Health Law Center 2010). Kate Adamick (co-founder, Cook for America), considers that having a school food reform program may not only be effective as the economy is sick and the cos ts of such programs would be prohibitively high. Also considering the fact that the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) and the School Breakfast Program (SBP) have certain set standards available for nutritional content and that junk food which is also easily available at schools does not need to meet any nutrient content. Schools may sell these junk food items through cafeteria, fundraising events, school stores, vending machines or snack bars (Adamick 2010). In analysis, the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) and the School Breakfast Program (SBP) have been provided by the federal government to students of school and children care facilities across the US, regardless of the income status or the social status of the families. These programs have been authorized under the statues Child Nutrition Act 1966 and the National School Lunch Act 1946. The Statutes involves creating a policy for providing food to children from schools at a subsidized rate (or free for qualified students) whilst ensuing that the various stakeholders in this scheme are benefited. The various stakeholders including the children, parents, teachers, school management, Federal government, state government, US Department of Agriculture, Department of Education, etc. The program was further modified for including snacks provided to children up to the age of 18 years. More than 31 million children across the US are benefited

Origin And Importance Of Rattan Weaving Cultural Studies Essay

Origin And Importance Of Rattan Weaving Cultural Studies Essay A traditional mode of occupation to some of our local people. Mostly the weavers are blind people which had been trained by Ministry of Welfare to give this people a chance to earn and make living with this job. It is also one of Terengganu famous craft that can be bought as a souvenir or can be use in a daily work. Its is one way of diversifying the handicraft products and develop this family business into a more systematic industry producing long term, high standard quality products, that are able to penetrate the tourist and commercial markets. Mengkuang (screw pine leaves) or pandanus weaving is one of the traditional arts still very much alive and its products are still in demand. The Mengkuang and pandan leaves are found abundance in the local jungles. The leaves are first cut in long strips and dried in the sun. Once dried, it is boiled and dyed with vegetable colours. Still using the traditional weaving techniques, the mengkuang or pandan leaves are coiled, plaited, twined and woven to create beautifully products such as mats, conical food covers, grocery bags, hand fans, baskets, tissue decorative boxes, hats, handbags, slippers, purses and pencil cases. The potential of Mengkuang/pandan has been tapped into and creating increasing demands by tourists and locals. The Mengkuang/pandan finished products are widely available at the Central Market and souvenir shops. Wau Making Wau (pronounce as wow) can appear in all shapes and size but the most popular and famous kite is the moon kite (Wau Bulan) and cat kite (Wau Kucing) in the east coast. Kite making requires patience and tremendous skill. Bamboo will be cut and make into the frame or skeleton of the kite. The best time to cut the bamboo is in November or December and this will be kept for 10 months before it is split and soaked in water followed by heated to straighten and toughen. On the other hand, designs are traced on a tinted and shiny glazed paper and then carefully cut out and pasted on paper which is glued to the bamboo skeleton. The designs are normally flowers with vines which signifies women (flower) and man (vine), eg. if the flowers are in bud form, it symbolizes a young woman etc. In some older designs, flowers were drawn from the side and back to represent the shy and reserved personality of female in those days whereas for the vines, the more meandering the vines, the more twists and turns in a mans life. There are also waus that are made using the batik technique or painted by batik artists and the designs are always more creative and less formalized by tradition. It is never an easy job to fly a Wau kite into the sky. A traditional Wau can be as big as 3.5m in height and 2.5 m wing span and usually needs the help of a group of person to bring it to the sky. To choose a good kite, you should look at the harmonious colours matched and the flowers as well as the vines drawn which represent the inner state of the kite maker. In a windy day, a Wau can fly up to 450m into the sky. Batik Hand drawn batik is an exquisite and delicate art which requires skill, patience, meticulousness, flair and creativity. Batik is intrinsic to the fashion world, be it in cotton or silk or in the making of sarongs, scarf, pareos, shirts, shorts, handbags, purses and even shoes.  Terengganu batik shows originality and is not commercialised thus, retaining its price for the quality of the material and the elegance of the designs. A special wax is mixed with amber and boiled over a slow fire to maintain the optimum temperature. On white cotton or silk fabrics, a special copper chanting pen dipped with the wax.  The designs reflect nature-based motifs such as floral prints and marine life to produce a freestyle handrawn motifs. Each drawings are different. Another method is by using either tin, copper or brass block print stamped with flowers or abstract designs. They are first dipped into the wax and then used to print the designs on the white fabrics. Colours will be added after the wax had dried. Different colours can be added without spreading onto other parts as the wax creates sections within the designs. The fabrics will then dipped in boiling water to wash off the wax and to strengthen the colours before the batik can be made into different products. The elegant prints stand out on mens shirts and womens dresses. Batik souvenirs include pareos, scarfs, wall panels, neckties, handbags, purses and shoes. Contemporary batik designs are also being introduced as designer wear, to alleviate batik to exclusive international standards. Batiks are available at various shops especially at the central market. Watch out though for low quality batik sold at exorbitant price. The colours are easily come off, usually on the first wash. Buying at an established batik shops therefore guarantees the quality of the products. Songket The origins of the many different colourful and traditional textile are lost in antiquity. The art of songket weaving consist of using traditional heirloom to make intricate songket brocade through painstaking weaving with gold or silver threads. Songket is a rich fabric that is worn only on auspicious occasions and used to be the textiles of royalty. It is now the headgear of Sultans, Chief Ministers and the States Cabinet members. The weaving process usually takes a few days for normal and simple designs songket cloth but for more intricate designs, usually takes more than two weeks and can costs thousands of Malaysian Ringgit. Several shops in Kuala Terengganu sell this regal fabric that comes in an array of both vibrant and pastel shades. The elegant and exquisite songket is slowly being introduced into the international fashion scene by adapting it to a more contemporary style. Wood Carving Wood carving was originally found in houses of sulatans or Malay nobility as part of their interior decoration and the craftsmen were commissioned for their services. Because human depiction is prohibited in Islam, Malay wood carving gets its inspiration from flora, animal motif and Islamic art but this has never influence its finest artistically designs. Terengganu wood carving not only found in the beams, doorways, window shutters of a house, but also in the traditional boat making industry and some furniture items such as sofa, bed frame and mirror frame and as small as a jewelry box. Brassware The people in Terengganu are well known for their creativeness. A simple item will turn into a most exquisite and delicate article by their hands. Brassware is generally a cottage activity. It is very usual that the son will learn the skill and trading strategy from his father whom had also learned from his father and later brings forth to the next generations. Regardless whether it is from silver, wood or pewter, brassware like vases, ashtrays, jugs, candle stands, napkin holders, filigree jewellery, incense burners etc are turned into a piece of fine and presentable art and at the same time with practical usage. This is why brassware is always one of the ideal surveniors that one can bring home. It is believed that the skills were taught to the local folk by Chinese settlers from Funan. The lost-wax method is usually employed, though sandcasting is also used. At the Central Market, or Pasar Payang, located by the Terengganu river, brassware is sold amongst many other enticements. Keris Making This double edged wavy blade dagger is the synonymous with the Malay culture and way of life. In the ancient time, a man walks without a keris was akin to walking around in naked. In those days, keris was always believed to be endowed with mystical powers and guardian spirit, this makes it serves the function as weapon to defend oneself in a combat and to use for medicinal purposes. There are handful of Malay legendaries about keris. The famous among these will be the keris of Hang Tuah who is the Malay hero during the Sultanate of Melaka. Hang Tuahs keris, Taming Sari was presented by the King of Majapahit to Sultan of Melaka after Hang Tuah won in a challenge. This keris was believed to have endowed with powerful spirit. Whoever possesses this keris would attain invulnerability. There was a story saying that Hang Tuah killed his childhood friend, Hang Jebat because of being disloyal to the Sultan with this Taming Sari. He was very ashamed to have killed his own childhood friend in the name of loyalty, therefore he then returned the keris to the Sultan. There is always romance and adventure and nobility in a keris. Because of being so precious, keris is always highly valued and treated with special care. Keris has two kind of shapes: keris lurus (straight keris) and keris luk (meandering keris). Empu, the keris maker will make the dagger accordance with the wish of consumer. Whether straight or luk, this will only be done during which the nickel inserted iron rod is repeatedly being forged and smoldered. The fluid design of the blade makes the keris stand out as a unique dagger-like weapon. Its ornate carved handle also provides for a strong grip. It is no wonder that the keris is one of the oldest of personal weapons. Made from the combination of eight to ten different metals, the spiritual qualities of the keris are known to include the spirits of warriors. Some myths even warn that certain lethal daggers should never be simply removed from their sheaths for their blades must taste blood before being inserted again. Keris making is considered as a dying art in Malaysia, however visit to the keris making centre in Kampung Pasir Panjang and Kampung Ladang Titian in Kuala Terengganu is still worth. Here you can see how a piece of raw iron is to turn into this significance and meaning rich weapon. You can also purchase you own piece of keris collection with relatively cheap price. Beaded necklaces The Rungus, the natives of the Kudat area, have long been known to produce beautiful beaded necklaces; they wear long, broad multi-stranded pinakol crossed over their shoulders over their traditional black costumes interwoven with gold thread. Patterns on the strands tell of ancient fables, and human figures are picked out in bright hues in the beadwork. Ever-enterprising, the Rungus today produce bangles, earrings and even brooches to go with the necklaces. Parang The parang is still crafted in traditional ways by the Bajau from Kota Belud. The ones made by them these days are usually from scrap iron, which goes though a process of melting, pounding, shaping and finally polishing. The blades are straight and tapered, from a sharp tip widening up towards the hilt. Some may have patterns etched into the metal along the topside. The hilt and sheath are carved from of wood, and occasionally one can come across an antique parang with a wonderfully carved hilt of horn. In days gone by, the parang was used as a weapon as well as a work tool, but these days it is mainly a decorative item for display.    Tudung Duang Tudung Duang is the local name for a food cover: in the tropics, like in Sabah, food on the table has to be protected from insects and dust. One is instantly attracted to them because of their bright colours, especially when they are laid out on pandan (screw pine leaf) mats in high piles, like at the Kota Belud Tamu grounds on the weekly Sunday Market (tamu). Native hat By the shape of a native hat, and its patterns, one can immediately identify the wearer to which ethnic entity he or she belongs. Most hats here are steeply conical and have nature-derived designs on them. Murut hats woven from the strips of sombituon bamboo are hexagonal in shape with a three-bands patterned weaving. Hats from Penampang and Tuaran have wider, circular bases with geometrical designs. All these hats are crafted from bamboo and rattan strips, and the red and black colours used to be natural dyes red from the mengkudu root, or dragons blood which is obtained from the fruit of a climbing rattan, and black from the leaves and stalks of the indigo plant. The Murut from the Nabawan area are now reproducing their hats in scaled-down sizes, showing their skill and craftsmanship in the extremely delicate weaving. Lipa-lipa Bajau sailboats, the lipa-lipa, carved from wood, and blowpipes used by Murut on hunting trips are available in many handicraft shops. The tambu-tambu wood is the main wood used in making the lipa-lipa, apart from mata-mata and gangil. A traditional lipa-lipa is elaborately carved. The designs are based on the motifs of plants, namely the kembang tuli or dahan and kellong. The blowpipe, or sumpitan, can be made of bamboo or hardwood. In the latter case the central duct has been drilled through in a long, manual process. Pottery Pottery has a long tradition in Sabah, and ancient Chinese jars, or tajau, were once even used to bury the dead. The Murut especially cherish and value their heirloom jars, in which they still ferment tapai their traditional rice wine. If you visit some of the antique shops in KKs major shopping malls you might come across nice Ming Dynasty vases; better still, you admire antique jars that are kept in the houses of the locals (like in the picture left). On the way to Tuaran, there are several potteries manufacturing nice vases and plates, as well as other household items made from clay. Kain dastar Rinago There are over 32 different ethnic entities in Sabah, and all of them have their own, sometimes specialised handicraft. Many more traditional items appeal to visitors to Sabah, such as the richly woven kain dastar, a piece of fabric used as headgear by the men of certain ethnic communities such as the Kadazan and Dusun; and the rinago trays and boxes made of rattan and lingkong, a type of fern that produces long, very tough strands ideal for weaving. The latter is made by the Rungus people. Silverware The Malay Kelantanese are well known for their Silverware making skills. These skills have been around for centuries, influenced by the Hindu and Islamic Civilization famous for well crafted items from gold and copper. Copperwork This is a skilled handiwork still flourishing in Terengganu. Traditional techniques are still being used in most processes though machines have been introduced to replace some processes. Copperware products include tepak sireh, candle holders, wedding gift trays, ember holder, pahar and others. Ceramic Ceramic art is a craftwork using high quality clay that is kneaded, decorated with a variety of motif, and fire-dried in kilns to produce fine ceramic products. Bead The indigenous people of Sarawak have since long ago been associated with beadwork for adornment as well as for ceremonial purposes. Here, beads tradition goes back to the very remote past. The variety of beads, the materials from which they are made , their colours and the values attributed, all make up an interesting conversation and discussion. Beads, today, are used in many different ways and one can see government officials using them as gifts and garlands for different functions and events as well. Pua Kumbu Pua Kumbu is a traditional patterned multicolored ceremonial cotton cloth used by the Iban, made and used in Sarawak, Malaysia. Pua kumbu are woven by Dayak women and are considered to be sacred objects. They are used for lifecycle rituals and special events including the birth of a child, coming of age celebrations, receipt of an important item to a longhouse, and to screen a corpse that is being laid out in a longhouse prior to burial. Labu sayong Labu Sayong is a black-coloured gourd-shaped clay jar typically used to store and cool water. The state of Perak is renowned for this type of pottery. Belanga Found in many rural Malaysian homes, The belanga  is often  characterised by a round base and wide rim. It is often used to cook curries, as it is believed that its round base allows heat to be distributed more evenly. Terenang This angular-shaped jar is popularly used for storing water in the states of Pahang and Terengganu. It has a concave neck and a convex body. Tekat The art of embroidering golden thread onto a base material, generally velvet, was traditionally used to decorate traditional Malay weddings regalia. Kerongsang A three-piece brooch set traditionally used to pin the lapels of the baju kebaya together. Kerongsang usually comes in sets of three. The typical three-piece set comprises of a kerongsang ibu (mother piece) which is larger and heavier. The other two are called the kerongsang anak (child pieces) and are worn below the kerongsang ibu. Cucuk Sanggul A traditional hairpin used to secure hair in a bun at the back of womens heads. Typically made of gold or silver, these hairpins are normally worn in graduated sets of three, five or seven by brides and traditional dancers. Pending A large, intricately ornamented belt buckle worn around the sampin, a skirt-like cloth worn by men, to complement their baju melayu, the traditional attire for men. Traditionally, the pending is a sign of wealth and status for men.

Communication in The Global Village Essay -- Technology Globalization

The world that we understand is rapidly becoming a much smaller entity. Technology is rapidly bringing us to places we have never been before. Thanks to widespread globalization, and the explosive growth and use of the internet, people are uniting and communicating in ways never dreamed two decades past. While more developed countries are taking advantage of this new global village, less developed countries helplessly stay in their idle life rafts as the sharks of these new virtual communities circle round. In the dawn of time communication started with mediums such as facial expressions, groaning, and sometimes just whacking a member of your community in the head. Communications simplest form is essentially dying with the construction and use of this web of interweaving technology known as the internet. Unlike forms of communication of days long past , not everyone can get involved in this World Wide Web. The internet is a community that uses a simple non intentional form of segregation that limits the use of the internet to people who live in countries that have the ability to set up these online villages. The makings of this new virtual revolution is essentially separating people. In the article Social Policy for Cyberspace, Dale Spender argues how people are being rapidly separated into two groups: the Master Minds and those that are being kept in the dark. She also explains how the People in the real world are being divided up into the information-rich and the poor. (Spender, Composing Cyberspace, p 266.) Basically the people with access to a global village are moving forward and the people in underdeveloped countries are lying stagnant. Like myself, Spender believes strongly in the well being of Third World countri... ...ciety demands a world that must rapidly change and make life easier we will strive to achieve that level no matter what the task. Eventually everyone on this earth will be able to connect to create the ultimate utopian global village, but until then we must look to countries less fortunate than us and continue to try and industrialize them to bring them up to our cyber caliber before they are forgotten. Priority needs to be given to research and policies that actually examine and deal with the impact that the new technologies are having on human beings, globally, nationally and locally. (Spender, Composing Cyberspace, p 269.) Works Cited Holten, Richard. Composing Cyberspace: Identity, community, and knowledge, in the electronic age. United States: Mcgraw-hill companies inc. 1998. Spender, Dale. Composing Cyberspace; Social Policy for cyberspace. P. 266